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Gun Quarter
The Gun Quarter is a district of the city of Birmingham, England, which was for many years the centre of world's gun-manufacturing industry, specialising in the production of military firearms and sporting guns. It is an industrial area to the north of the city centre, bounded by Steelhouse Lane, Shadwell Street and Loveday Street.
The first recorded gun maker in Birmingham was in 1630, and locally made muskets were used in the English Civil War. By the 1690s Birmingham artisans were supplying guns for William III to equip the British Army. The importance of the trade to the town grew rapidly throughout the 18th century, with large numbers of guns produced for the slave trade. The 19th century saw further expansion, with the Quarter meeting the demand for the Napoleonic Wars, Crimean War, American Civil War and the furthest outposts of the British Empire. During both the First and Second World Wars the area played a major role in the manufacture of small arms for the British Armed Forces.
After the First World War demand fell; the need for skilled, specialised labour fell as the market became flooded with cheaper, machine-made guns, and gun manufacturing in the area began a slow decline. In the 1960s, a large part of the Gun Quarter was demolished by post-war town planners, with the area split in two by the construction of the Birmingham Inner Ring Road.
Following the Big City Plan of 2008, the Gun Quarter is now a district within Birmingham City Centre; however, there are not currently any plans in place to redevelop the Gun Quarter, and many buildings in the area are disused.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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